Lighting refers to processes or techniques used to create lighting effects in film, television, theatre, or in other presentation forms. Lighting can also be used to enhance the natural ambiance of an environment, or to supplement daylight. In film and television production, a high level of skill is used to create realistic lighting effects. Lighting has a great impact on how an audience perceives a scene. Lighting technicians use a variety of lights to recreate the physical characteristics of an outdoor setting indoors or to augment and adjust the existing lighting in a given environment. They choose the angle, focus, color, and intensity of the lights to carefully sculpt the scene and create contrast, atmosphere, and mood. A good lighting designer must understand the workflow of the production in order to plot out tasks like pre-programming and organizational processes. In planning, they consider different scopes of creating atmosphere, such as whether they should emphasize action, drama, or documentary. Proper planning also helps them control the cost of their lighting designs. By understanding the principles of lighting, experienced technicians can create realistic and believable lighting effects. To do this, they factor in the direction, angle, color, and other factors like the location, distance, and size of the light source. They use a variety of fixtures, gels, and lens attachments to create shadows and adjust contrasts. Increasingly, LED (light emitting diode) technology has come to dominate the world of lighting. LEDs are used in television, film, theatre, and other applications, as they are more cost-effective and energy-efficient alternatives to traditional lighting sources. LEDs are highly resilient and come in a variety of colors, making them practically indispensable in the production industry. To sum up, lighting has a significant impact on the atmosphere of a setting or scene. With LEDs and the right techniques and knowledge, lighting professionals can cleverly rearrange the built environment to achieve their desired outcomes.