Lighting is the use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect. Lighting includes the use of both artificial light sources like lamps and light fixtures, as well as natural illumination by capturing daylight. Daylighting is the practice of placing windows or other openings and reflective surfaces to maximize natural light in a space. This helps to reduce energy costs and improves the health and well-being of occupants. Lighting has been a key element of interior design since before the advent of electricity. With the discovery of fire, early humans were able to cook food and provide warmth, as well as create an ambiance for social activities. As technology progressed, more efficient lighting solutions were created, including gas lamps and eventually electricity-based lighting solutions. The benefits of lighting and its impact on interior design cannot be overstated. Lighting can be both functional and decorative, to create an atmosphere that is both comfortable and attractive. Proper lighting helps to reduce eyestrain, increase productivity, and provide safety. It also accentuates features in a space and can be used to create a certain mood or ambiance. Lighting has come a long way since the days of open flame and gas lamps. Today, lighting is more sophisticated, with energy-efficient bulbs and lighting control systems that help keep energy costs down. There is a wide variety of lighting fixtures available to suit any budget and design, from modern and minimalist to vintage and traditional. Lighting plays an integral role in the way a space looks, feels, and functions. By selecting the right fixtures and placement, interior designers can use lighting to transform any space into a functional and aesthetically pleasing environment. Lighting is a versatile and fundamental way of illuminating a space and creating a unique atmosphere.